Catholics

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On death penalty, Catholics have evolved by Protestants clash on doctrinal details

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On death penalty, Catholics have evolved by Protestants clash on doctrinal details

After the Second Vatican Council, the 1566 Catechism continued to teach that civil authorities could use the death penalty to "punish the guilty and protect the innocent. Far from involving the crime of murder, the just exercise of this power is an act of paramount obedience to this divine law, which prohibits murder."

On November 5, 2009 -- when Major Nidal Hasan killed 13 at Fort Hood, Texas -- an updated Catechism said if guilt was "fully determined" church teachings do "not exclude recourse to the death penalty, if this is the only possible way of effectively defending human lives against the unjust aggressor." Civil authorities were urged to seek "non-lethal means … more in conformity to the dignity of the human person."

Quoting a 2017 Pope Francis address, the Catechism now says, "the death penalty is inadmissible because it is an attack on the inviolability and dignity of the person." Thus, the church "works with determination for its abolition worldwide."

Catholic leaders spoke quickly when the Department of Defense said President Donald Trump backed Hasan's death by firing squad on December 3 at Fort Hood, the first military execution of this kind since World War II. After initially approving a public livestream, Trump cancelled that order but said victims' families could attend.

A televised firing squad would have been a "strong deterrent for the World to witness how America deals with terrorists and SCUM," the president posted. However, "many very good … people would rather not watch him die."

During the days when the livestream was in play, the Hasan drama offered a case study of modern Christian debates about capital punishment. Catholics cited the evolving Catechism. Protestants debated Old Testament passages supporting public executions.

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Talkin' faith, football and what ESPN's Paul Finebaum understands about the South

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Talkin' faith, football and what ESPN's Paul Finebaum understands about the South

Sports analyst Paul Finebaum is often called the voice of Bible Belt football, but he has never had the luxury of preaching to one choir.

The war between Auburn University and the University of Alabama has, for example, verged on a crusade with fans so devoted some seem possessed. In the most infamous moment on "The Paul Finebaum Show, "Al from Dadeville (Harvey Updyke)" offered this explanation for his poisonous attack that killed Auburn's hallowed Toomer's Corner oak trees: "I just had too much 'Bama in me."

But there's more to Finebaum's ESPN flock than Southeastern Conference shouting matches. He often allows regular callers -- "Squirrel," "I-Man," "Jim from Tuscaloosa," the late, beloved Tammy "War Damn Eagle" Bullard -- to veer into commentary about grief, health issues, personal tragedies and answered prayers.

"Paul Finebaum truly listens to what Americans have to say, and as a result he hears a lot of God talk," noted Michael Schmitz, editor of Compact, an online magazine that blends progressive economics with cultural conservatism.

Writing for First Things, he added: "On a recent show, Legend -- known for his bravura calls and the fifteen years he spent in prison for murdering his cousin -- reassured listeners that he was fine after being unceremoniously ejected from the SEC's media days. 'I've actually really been being blessed by the Lord.' … He also admitted that he may have been at fault for the recent dustup. 'Pride and ego, those are horrible things. I asked God to deal with me.'"

Yes, some of this may be a sign that talk-radio listeners are often old, retired or in jobs -- truckers, for example -- with time to ponder the puzzles of daily life. When Southerners testify about suffering and their own mortality, these are rarely secular subjects.

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Looking for seven deadly sins in Christopher Nolan's version of "The Odyssey"

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Looking for seven deadly sins in Christopher Nolan's version of "The Odyssey"

After watching Christopher Nolan's take on "The Odyssey," Father Dwight Longenecker remembered a comment Steven Spielberg made in a movie commentary while discussing how viewers react to symbolism in cinema.

The legendary director, a progressive Jew, was responding to comments that prominent crosses in "Saving Private Ryan" cemetery scenes suggested that the hero was a Christ figure who suffered to save a lost soul. Spielberg replied: "I'm always fascinated, to learn about the things people see in my pictures that I never knew about."

Now, faithful movie lovers are debating whether Nolan's Catholic background soaked into his version of Homer's pagan epic. For example, how did an arrogant, brilliant, pagan Greek warrior develop a strong sense of guilt about his mistakes?

"Nolan is coming from a Catholic background and 2,000 years of Western Christian tradition," said Longenecker, a former journalist and screenwriter who leads Our Lady of the Rosary Catholic Church in Greenville, South Carolina. A former Anglican priest, he converted to Catholicism with his wife and four children.

"He cannot help but bring, quote, 'Christian sensibilities' into his understanding of the story, even though he may not have done it explicitly," he explained, via Zoom. Guilt is a human emotion, "part of what C.S. Lewis called the 'Tao,' a universal sense of morality, the universal sense of right and wrong."

Nolan addressed this issue with political philosopher Zhuge Yiyang, during an interview originally posted on China's Bilibili video platform. Another question: How did the doctrine of "atonement" for sin get into this movie? Nolan said his film stressed what he called "Zeus' Law," the ideal of "mutual respect -- that I treat you the way I want to be treated."

Nolan added: "I think in a way we may be bringing our more modern sensibility to that. Insofar as [atonement is] there, it's not a deliberate attempt to Christianize it, but it's an outgrowth … of burrowing in on this philosophical idea of what happens when you break Zeus' Law."

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Catholic bishop, in public letter, urges Pope Leo XIV to offer doctrinal clarity -- now

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Catholic bishop, in public letter, urges Pope Leo XIV to offer doctrinal clarity -- now

Cardinals, archbishops and bishops have many ways to communicate with Vatican officials and even the pope himself, outside of occasional personal meetings.

In the digital age, one blunt way to reach Pope Leo XIV is to write a candid letter and post it online. That's what Bishop Robert Mutsaerts of the Netherlands, auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of 's-Hertogenbosch, did recently.

"Holy Father," he began, with "reverence for the office entrusted to you as successor of Saint Peter, and in communion with the Church which Christ built upon the apostles, I address you with this open letter. I don't do so lightly."

What followed was one bishop's heart cry for the pope to speak candidly about why believers should cling to ancient truths, even while struggling with the riptides of modern life.

Peter, the first pope, "received from Christ not only the commission to unite the brothers, but also to strengthen them in the faith," wrote Mutsaerts. "Ultimately, the world gains little from a Church that merely repeats what the world itself already thinks."

After years of "synodality" meetings built on dialogue with modern Catholics and church critics, the bishop offered hard questions: "Not: how many reports were written? Not: how many people participated? But: has faith become stronger? Has Christ been proclaimed more clearly? Has Catholic identity deepened? Have more people come to convert? Is Sunday Mass better attended? Are there more priestly vocations? …Has greater reverence for the Eucharist emerged? Has the moral teaching of the Church become clearer? Has missionary courage increased?"

The auxiliary bishop's superior, Bishop Gerard Johannes Nicolaus de Korte, quickly distanced himself from these words, while debates continued online.

The context for the Mutsaerts letter is larger than headline grabbing debates about the use of the Latin Mass, bleak attendance trends in Western nations, Catholic politicians clashing with church teachings and same-sex union blessings in many European Catholic churches.

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Once upon a time, most churches had "choirs" and there were even "choir directors"

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Once upon a time, most churches had "choirs" and there were even "choir directors"

For most of the 20th century, the typical American church had a room containing rows of chairs, shelves stacked with music and cabinets full of robes and contrasting stoles for sopranos, altos, tenors and basses of various sizes.

This was a "choir room" and these singers were led by a "choir director."

Times have changed. These days, most up-to-date churches have "praise bands," with a few skilled vocalists, guitarists, drummers and keyboardists with stacks of synthesizers. And most church members have smartphone calendars with zero room left for a choir.

"It's often about time, now more than ever, especially for 20- and 30-somethings. A lot of them have children, but people had children in the '60s," said Mark Cabaniss, president and CEO of the Jubilate Music Group, near Nashville. "That was a different era and a different world. It's hard to even get kids into children's choirs, today. … They're too busy playing soccer or T-ball or whatever."

Cabaniss has directed choirs for 40 years, while composing and arranging music for ensembles of all kinds. He joined a choir at age 6 and began directing church choirs in college.

"You have to be very sensitive to people's time," he stressed, reached by Zoom. "The days of two-hour rehearsals are over. Even a 90-minute one is a tough stretch. … It's all about time, time, time, if you're trying to recruit people into the choir."

While the COVID years were a disaster, the trends -- shrinking choirs, with mic'd up praise bands on stage -- had been clear for several decades.

In 1998, the National Congregations Study said the number of U.S. churches with choirs was already down to 50%, noted Will Whittaker, writing for Baptist News Global. He is the author of the book "Cultivating Intergenerational Worship."

Churches with choirs fell to 40% by 2019 -- before the pandemic.

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Was British politico Ann Widdecombe murdered because of her Catholic beliefs?

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Was British politico Ann Widdecombe murdered because of her Catholic beliefs?

In her student days, Ann Widdecombe's first Oxford Union presentation was an attack on censorship, even if practicing free speech turned out to be risky or painful.

A half century later, the former Conservative MP and outspoken Catholic returned to the legendary debate club to address the same subject, at one point explaining why she once agreed to share a speaker's platform with an Irish Republican Army activist.

"So, you wanted to blow me up," Widdecombe said in 2019, referring to the 1984 Grand Hotel bombing in Brighton, England, that killed five people and injured 31. The target was Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and the assembled Conservative Party conference.

Widdecombe said the IRA supporter responded: "Well, I didn't want to do it myself."

Enemies of free speech are "snowflakes and totalitarians," said Widdecombe, in the brash style that made her one of England's most loved, and hated, public figures. "Nobody has the right to live their lives being protected from offense, or from insult, or from hurt feelings. It is an occupational hazard … and if you really cannot take it, become a hermit."

Widdecombe, 78, was found dead on July 9 after what police first called a burglary that led to murder. The case is now being investigated as terrorism. The accused attacker drove nearly 300 miles to her isolated Devon home, where he struck her in the head 21 times with a hammer during an encounter that appears to have lasted two minutes.

A key question: Was she killed because of her beliefs?

"She was the most prominent British Catholic politician whose faith actually informed her politics," noted philosopher Joseph Shaw, of the Catholic Answers organization.

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Pope Leo XIV, screens culture, fathers and symbolism in "Toy Story 5"

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Pope Leo XIV, screens culture, fathers and symbolism in "Toy Story 5"

Vatican watchers rarely scan papal speeches looking for links to Hollywood.

But, at the Vatican Summer Youth Camp, Pope Leo XIV offered an unusually timely update on faith in a digital age.

"The family that is together, it is not enough that we are all there. Each, they look at his phone," the pope said. Even if believers "have the Bible and some prayers in the phone, God doesn't want to look at the phone: God wants to look at our hearts, our life. And therefore, be free from these things that in themselves can be fun, a help, a nice thing."

After all, he added: "We are not all plugged into a cable. We are human beings."

That June 22 talk came three days after "Toy Story 5" reached theaters, with Sheriff Woody, Buzz Lightyear and cowgirl Jesse urging their young owner, Bonnie, to escape the grip of her digital Lilypad tablet.

The pope's words were "remarkably Toy Story-coded," wrote Alyssa Murphy, of the National Catholic Register. In Pixar's parable, Bonnie's parents took a stand and deleted the social-media app that mean girls were using to mock her affection for old-fashioned toys.

That's the good news, noted Murphy. The bad news? "Currently sitting on store shelves nationwide is a physical 'Lilypad' device … marketed to preschoolers between the ages of 3 and 5. … As a beginner device, the item description reads: 'Stay connected with Jessie, Buzz, Woody and the Tech Trio by texting them.'"

Meanwhile the Australian Psychological Society has published a survey of international research showing that most children, by age two, have access to digital devices, including some babies as young as six months old. By age four, 75% of children have their own digital devices. In the end, the more time children gaze at screens, the less they play, talk, sleep and, thus, develop their minds and bodies.

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Concerning God, parents, digital phones and lots of quiet church leaders

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Concerning God, parents, digital phones and lots of quiet church leaders

A pediatrician recently asked one of Emily Harrison's children a logical question, during pre-exam paperwork: Do you have a smartphone?

Doctors often ask children practical questions, such as whether they're getting enough sleep, have seen changes in their appetites or have started playing sports. These days, they may ask about anxiety or depression.

A smartphone question makes sense after years of research into how these devices, and social-media programs, affect mental and physical health. The question is why church leaders are not discussing these issues in sermons and education programs, said Harrison, author of the "Dear Christian Parent" online newsletter.

"This is a safety issue, yet we're hesitant to say it's a safety issue," she said, reached by Zoom. In churches, that might sound like: "If you allow this then you are a bad parent." Thus, clergy may be reluctant to offer smartphone warnings, even though "we make statements on many other topics all of the time for kids inside the church."

Pastors seem to be "afraid of backlash. … I think church leaders are way out of touch on this, because what parents are looking for is somebody to give them a firm line, a stance to take," she added. In other words: "This stuff is not for kids -- period."

It's important that politicians in powerful states such as California and New York have banned, or severely restricted, student smartphone use during school hours, noted Harrison. It has become normal for these issues to be discussed openly, especially since the 2024 release of the "The Anxious Generation," by social psychologist Jonathan Haidt of New York University.

"There isn't a debate, anymore, about whether this is safe for kids," she said. "So, why won't the church say so?"

For most parents, said Harrison, the question is not "if" children get phones, but "when."  In a recent essay, "On Giving My 15 Year Old a Cellphone," she walked readers through the digital, and moral, issues raised by the various devices sold by cellular-service providers.

First, there is an old-school option -- a "flip phone," with a tiny screen. However, Harrison discovered that most of these devices now have Internet browsers.

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Baseball cap wars: Can the biblical rainbow coexist with a Pride Night rainbow?

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Baseball cap wars: Can the biblical rainbow coexist with a Pride Night rainbow?

After the great flood in the Book of Genesis, God offered a timeless symbol of hope.

The Bible says God promised: "I have set my rainbow in the clouds, and it will be the sign of the covenant between me and the earth. Whenever … the rainbow appears in the clouds, I will remember my covenant between me and you and all living creatures of every kind. Never again will the waters become a flood to destroy all life."

Nevertheless, clashing rainbow symbols recently created a storm in Major League Baseball when powers wielded by team owners clashed with the religious beliefs of players.

The big question: Can the biblical rainbow coexist on the same Pride Night baseball cap with the today's rainbow celebrating LGBTQ+ rights?

This controversy raised legitimate First Amendment issues, but also helped clarify the workplace rights of employers, said Hal Frampton, senior counsel for Alliance Defending Freedom and director of the group's Center for Conscience Initiatives.

The clash between MLB leaders and several San Francisco Giants pitchers "was about both issues, really," he said, reached by telephone. "It was about not being discriminated against" in the workplace, especially if there were questions about whether an employer was "enforcing a rule consistently," or only enforcing it when there was "religious expression that was seen as troublesome" to employers.

The firestorm began when Giants starting pitcher Landen Roupp, along with relievers J.T. Brubaker and Ryan Walker, wrote Bible verse references -- variations on Genesis 9: 12-16 -- next to the rainbow logo on their Pride Night caps. Relief pitcher Sam Hentges chose to wear his standard black-and-orange Giants cap, without the rainbow logo.