evangelicals

, , , , , , ,

On death penalty, Catholics have evolved by Protestants clash on doctrinal details

, , , , , , ,
On death penalty, Catholics have evolved by Protestants clash on doctrinal details

After the Second Vatican Council, the 1566 Catechism continued to teach that civil authorities could use the death penalty to "punish the guilty and protect the innocent. Far from involving the crime of murder, the just exercise of this power is an act of paramount obedience to this divine law, which prohibits murder."

On November 5, 2009 -- when Major Nidal Hasan killed 13 at Fort Hood, Texas -- an updated Catechism said if guilt was "fully determined" church teachings do "not exclude recourse to the death penalty, if this is the only possible way of effectively defending human lives against the unjust aggressor." Civil authorities were urged to seek "non-lethal means … more in conformity to the dignity of the human person."

Quoting a 2017 Pope Francis address, the Catechism now says, "the death penalty is inadmissible because it is an attack on the inviolability and dignity of the person." Thus, the church "works with determination for its abolition worldwide."

Catholic leaders spoke quickly when the Department of Defense said President Donald Trump backed Hasan's death by firing squad on December 3 at Fort Hood, the first military execution of this kind since World War II. After initially approving a public livestream, Trump cancelled that order but said victims' families could attend.

A televised firing squad would have been a "strong deterrent for the World to witness how America deals with terrorists and SCUM," the president posted. However, "many very good … people would rather not watch him die."

During the days when the livestream was in play, the Hasan drama offered a case study of modern Christian debates about capital punishment. Catholics cited the evolving Catechism. Protestants debated Old Testament passages supporting public executions.

, , , , ,

Who was Jim Bakker, really? And why did so many Americans join his TV flock?

, , , , ,
Who was Jim Bakker, really? And why did so many Americans join his TV flock?

Ten minutes before show time, Jim and Tammy Bakker -- standing in clear view of the audience -- huddled with producers to discuss final details of the upcoming show.

With a minute to go, they waited calmly just offstage until the announcer cued them to dash out with giddy excitement, offering apologies for almost being late. The studio audience played along and cheered.

Journalist Louis Moore, and his wife Kay, were there because this 1982 "PTL Club" stop was required as promotion for their book "When You Both Go to Work," offering advice for two-income Christian couples.

"What was Jim Bakker good at? Well, he was good at bringing Tammy Faye on stage and letting her do her thing. … She was so interesting and Jim Bakker was just there," said Moore, recalling that day. At that time, Moore was poised to become president of what is now the Religion News Association.

Bakker didn't appear to be interested in the Moores, according to my notes from that taping, during my religion-beat years in Charlotte.

"Jim didn't interact with us at all. He was hard to relate to or to follow what he was saying. That was strange for a talk-show host," said Moore, reached by telephone.

Journalists called Bakker a "televangelist," but he never showed interest in being a pastor or an evangelist. His hero was Johnny Carson. Moore noted that Bakker's "goal was clearly to be a talk-show host. That was his life. … He loved sitting behind that desk in front of the cameras."

After his death on October 5th, at age 86, news reports chronicled Bakker's rise from doing a Christian puppet TV show for children, to building the PTL Satellite Network and the 2,500-acre Heritage USA theme park near Charlotte.

Bakker raised millions selling shares to condos for faithful donors, with rides, skating, tennis courts, a miniature railroad, a shopping mall, a biblical-drama theater and a water park with a giant water slide. The problem was that Bakker kept using money he raised for new buildings to complete work on unfinished projects. PTL sold more time-share contracts than he had rooms for buyers.

By 1987, Jim and Tammy's lives turned into a soap opera. In national news coverage, the focus was on his 1980 tryst with a young church secretary named Jessica Hahn, which led to a $250,000 check to buy her silence. In the end, Bakker went to prison for nearly five years.

After years of scrutiny, Bakker called the Charlotte Observer newsroom when he was forced out at PTL. The newspaper's obituary included this quote: "I sorrowfully acknowledge that seven years ago, in an isolated incident, I was wickedly manipulated by treacherous former friends and then colleagues who victimized me with the aid of a female confederate."

, , , , , , ,

Talkin' faith, football and what ESPN's Paul Finebaum understands about the South

, , , , , , ,
Talkin' faith, football and what ESPN's Paul Finebaum understands about the South

Sports analyst Paul Finebaum is often called the voice of Bible Belt football, but he has never had the luxury of preaching to one choir.

The war between Auburn University and the University of Alabama has, for example, verged on a crusade with fans so devoted some seem possessed. In the most infamous moment on "The Paul Finebaum Show, "Al from Dadeville (Harvey Updyke)" offered this explanation for his poisonous attack that killed Auburn's hallowed Toomer's Corner oak trees: "I just had too much 'Bama in me."

But there's more to Finebaum's ESPN flock than Southeastern Conference shouting matches. He often allows regular callers -- "Squirrel," "I-Man," "Jim from Tuscaloosa," the late, beloved Tammy "War Damn Eagle" Bullard -- to veer into commentary about grief, health issues, personal tragedies and answered prayers.

"Paul Finebaum truly listens to what Americans have to say, and as a result he hears a lot of God talk," noted Michael Schmitz, editor of Compact, an online magazine that blends progressive economics with cultural conservatism.

Writing for First Things, he added: "On a recent show, Legend -- known for his bravura calls and the fifteen years he spent in prison for murdering his cousin -- reassured listeners that he was fine after being unceremoniously ejected from the SEC's media days. 'I've actually really been being blessed by the Lord.' … He also admitted that he may have been at fault for the recent dustup. 'Pride and ego, those are horrible things. I asked God to deal with me.'"

Yes, some of this may be a sign that talk-radio listeners are often old, retired or in jobs -- truckers, for example -- with time to ponder the puzzles of daily life. When Southerners testify about suffering and their own mortality, these are rarely secular subjects.

, , , , , ,

Among Southern Baptists, as well: More adults are converting, and getting baptized

, , , , , ,
Among Southern Baptists, as well: More adults are converting, and getting baptized

Back in the Southern Baptist Convention's boom years, from the 1960s to 2010, the experts charting baptism statistics divided "children" into three groups -- starting with those under age 6.

Behind the scenes, there were discussions about when children reached the "age of accountability" and could make mature professions of faith in Jesus Christ, leading to "believer's baptism" by full immersion in water. As with many other doctrinal issues, this was settled by local-church leaders. The same was true when adults asked to be rebaptized, for various reasons.

"At the end of the day, when someone says they've decided to give their life to Christ, the local church is going to let them symbolize that by being baptized," noted Scott McConnell, executive director of Lifeway Research. "That's what Baptists do. That's who we are."

Obviously, Baptists pay close attention to baptism statistics, along with trends with church attendance and membership. In a new report, Lifeway dug into Southern Baptist Convention Annual Church Profile numbers for 2025 and reported that baptisms rose for the fifth consecutive year.

Baptist leaders quickly noted another current trend -- adults 30 and older represented 33% of all baptisms. That was higher than the baptism of those 12-17 (25%), children before age 12 (22%) and young adults between 18-29 (20%). In the past, it was common for the baptism of minors to be two-thirds of the total, noted McConnell, reached by telephone.

The "seismic development" in these numbers is the consistently rising number of conversions among Americans over age 18, noted the Rev. R. Albert Mohler, Jr., president of Southern Baptist Theological Seminary in Louisville, Kentucky.

, , , ,

Looking at today's Las Vegas through Southern Baptist missionary eyes

, , , ,
Looking at today's Las Vegas through Southern Baptist missionary eyes

Say the word "Vegas" and most travelers think about the 30-plus casinos and resorts along the 4.2-mile stretch of Las Vegas Boulevard known as "The Strip."

The Southern Baptist "City Missionary" for Las Vegas thinks about a different set of numbers -- the 30 churches the denomination's Send Network has planted in this desert valley in the past decade. There are nearly 100 SBC churches in greater Las Vegas and 177 in Nevada.

"It's hard to narrow Las Vegas down into some kind of majority culture that fits the stereotypes. … This place is multiethnic, multicultural and we have people who are dealing with all kinds of issues and sins," said the Rev. Heiden Ratner, 37, who leads the WALK Church, a 10-year-old congregation with about 1,100 worshippers.

"Las Vegas is pretty much pre-Christian, and what I mean by that is that there has never been a revival that has swept through this city. When I was growing up here, there wasn't a single Sunday morning that I woke up and thought, 'Maybe I should go to church.' Never.”

Obviously, the Strip has not vanished, and its "Sin City" label remains relevant. The Nevada Gaming Control Board reported $8.82 billion in Gross Gaming Revenue (what operators keep after payouts) for the Strip in 2025. But the world has changed. Researchers struggle to describe online gambling today -- from $100 billion global GGR in 2025 to a Gaming Compliance International estimate of $5.9 trillion in unregulated activity.

For decades, Ratner noted, Las Vegas couldn't land big-league football, baseball, basketball and hockey because of gambling. Now the city has teams in three of the four sports, and the National Basketball Association may be next. The city hosted its first Super Bowl in 2024 and the game returns in 2029.

"That kind of credibility is leading all kinds of people and corporations to take a second look at this city," he said.

, , , , , , ,

Once upon a time, most churches had "choirs" and there were even "choir directors"

, , , , , , ,
Once upon a time, most churches had "choirs" and there were even "choir directors"

For most of the 20th century, the typical American church had a room containing rows of chairs, shelves stacked with music and cabinets full of robes and contrasting stoles for sopranos, altos, tenors and basses of various sizes.

This was a "choir room" and these singers were led by a "choir director."

Times have changed. These days, most up-to-date churches have "praise bands," with a few skilled vocalists, guitarists, drummers and keyboardists with stacks of synthesizers. And most church members have smartphone calendars with zero room left for a choir.

"It's often about time, now more than ever, especially for 20- and 30-somethings. A lot of them have children, but people had children in the '60s," said Mark Cabaniss, president and CEO of the Jubilate Music Group, near Nashville. "That was a different era and a different world. It's hard to even get kids into children's choirs, today. … They're too busy playing soccer or T-ball or whatever."

Cabaniss has directed choirs for 40 years, while composing and arranging music for ensembles of all kinds. He joined a choir at age 6 and began directing church choirs in college.

"You have to be very sensitive to people's time," he stressed, reached by Zoom. "The days of two-hour rehearsals are over. Even a 90-minute one is a tough stretch. … It's all about time, time, time, if you're trying to recruit people into the choir."

While the COVID years were a disaster, the trends -- shrinking choirs, with mic'd up praise bands on stage -- had been clear for several decades.

In 1998, the National Congregations Study said the number of U.S. churches with choirs was already down to 50%, noted Will Whittaker, writing for Baptist News Global. He is the author of the book "Cultivating Intergenerational Worship."

Churches with choirs fell to 40% by 2019 -- before the pandemic.

, , , , , , ,

Pope Leo XIV, screens culture, fathers and symbolism in "Toy Story 5"

, , , , , , ,
Pope Leo XIV, screens culture, fathers and symbolism in "Toy Story 5"

Vatican watchers rarely scan papal speeches looking for links to Hollywood.

But, at the Vatican Summer Youth Camp, Pope Leo XIV offered an unusually timely update on faith in a digital age.

"The family that is together, it is not enough that we are all there. Each, they look at his phone," the pope said. Even if believers "have the Bible and some prayers in the phone, God doesn't want to look at the phone: God wants to look at our hearts, our life. And therefore, be free from these things that in themselves can be fun, a help, a nice thing."

After all, he added: "We are not all plugged into a cable. We are human beings."

That June 22 talk came three days after "Toy Story 5" reached theaters, with Sheriff Woody, Buzz Lightyear and cowgirl Jesse urging their young owner, Bonnie, to escape the grip of her digital Lilypad tablet.

The pope's words were "remarkably Toy Story-coded," wrote Alyssa Murphy, of the National Catholic Register. In Pixar's parable, Bonnie's parents took a stand and deleted the social-media app that mean girls were using to mock her affection for old-fashioned toys.

That's the good news, noted Murphy. The bad news? "Currently sitting on store shelves nationwide is a physical 'Lilypad' device … marketed to preschoolers between the ages of 3 and 5. … As a beginner device, the item description reads: 'Stay connected with Jessie, Buzz, Woody and the Tech Trio by texting them.'"

Meanwhile the Australian Psychological Society has published a survey of international research showing that most children, by age two, have access to digital devices, including some babies as young as six months old. By age four, 75% of children have their own digital devices. In the end, the more time children gaze at screens, the less they play, talk, sleep and, thus, develop their minds and bodies.

, , , , , ,

Memory eternal: Robert Sloan's final advice on Christian higher education

, , , , , ,
Memory eternal: Robert Sloan's final advice on Christian higher education

Year after year, faith-based colleges produce waves of upbeat brochures, social-media appeals and videos for parents and their children.

The presidents of these institutions should study these materials closely, said Houston Christian University President Robert B. Sloan, Jr., at the January 2026 conference of the International Alliance for Christian Education. 

"All of the brochures in the world, declaring in glossy print the Christian claims of an institution, cannot overcome the failures of personnel to embrace, expound and affirm the Christian identity of the institution," said Sloan, who led Baylor University, his alma mater (and mine), before his 2006 move to Houston. "If the recruiting materials and fundraising newsletters do not match what really goes on in the classroom or in student life, you may expect not only disappointment but cynicism and, eventually, conflict."

Thus, presidents must have courage when hiring faculty, he stressed.

"When you hire someone," said Sloan, "you should never accept their mere consent, no matter how good their credentials are academically, to 'appreciate' or 'be sensitive to' your culture and character. I used to know of a situation where an interviewer would refer to the 'expectations of our constituents' and then ask, 'Are you all right with that?'"

Close is not good enough, stressed Sloan. It's crucial to learn, "Does the candidate want to be at an institution like yours? … Or do they simply want a job?"

Sloan's address -- 11 theses for Christian higher education -- was timely, after years of headlines about faith-based schools closing their doors as experts warned about a looming "enrollment cliff" due to falling birth rates. It was also symbolic because Sloan died on July 4, after suffering a stroke at age 77.

That plenary address "was the best presentation I have ever heard him give. It will serve as a guide for IACE and for all Christian higher education for years to come," said Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary President David Dockery, writing for Baptist Press.

, , , , ,

Concerning God, parents, digital phones and lots of quiet church leaders

, , , , ,
Concerning God, parents, digital phones and lots of quiet church leaders

A pediatrician recently asked one of Emily Harrison's children a logical question, during pre-exam paperwork: Do you have a smartphone?

Doctors often ask children practical questions, such as whether they're getting enough sleep, have seen changes in their appetites or have started playing sports. These days, they may ask about anxiety or depression.

A smartphone question makes sense after years of research into how these devices, and social-media programs, affect mental and physical health. The question is why church leaders are not discussing these issues in sermons and education programs, said Harrison, author of the "Dear Christian Parent" online newsletter.

"This is a safety issue, yet we're hesitant to say it's a safety issue," she said, reached by Zoom. In churches, that might sound like: "If you allow this then you are a bad parent." Thus, clergy may be reluctant to offer smartphone warnings, even though "we make statements on many other topics all of the time for kids inside the church."

Pastors seem to be "afraid of backlash. … I think church leaders are way out of touch on this, because what parents are looking for is somebody to give them a firm line, a stance to take," she added. In other words: "This stuff is not for kids -- period."

It's important that politicians in powerful states such as California and New York have banned, or severely restricted, student smartphone use during school hours, noted Harrison. It has become normal for these issues to be discussed openly, especially since the 2024 release of the "The Anxious Generation," by social psychologist Jonathan Haidt of New York University.

"There isn't a debate, anymore, about whether this is safe for kids," she said. "So, why won't the church say so?"

For most parents, said Harrison, the question is not "if" children get phones, but "when."  In a recent essay, "On Giving My 15 Year Old a Cellphone," she walked readers through the digital, and moral, issues raised by the various devices sold by cellular-service providers.

First, there is an old-school option -- a "flip phone," with a tiny screen. However, Harrison discovered that most of these devices now have Internet browsers.